Example 1: Sphere Impact on Composites

A steel sphere of diameter D = 2 cm impacts on a PW S-2 Glass/SC15 composite plate of dimensions L x W x H = 8 cm x 8 cm x 0.2 cm with an impact velocity of V = 100 m/s. The plate is modeled with two parts, PID = 101 & 102 with material orientation BETA = 0 & 90 degrees. The unit system cm-gm-us-10MN -100GPa -100kJ [cgu] is used in this example. A second problem of sphere impact is also presented on a plate of dimensions L x W x H = 50 cm x 50 cm x 0.4 cm with a sphere of diameter D = 10 cm at an impact velocity of V = 200 m/s. Following is the list of files used in this example (which will be provided upon request):  

1.  000-Sphere-Impact-on-Composite-Plate.key

2. 001-ASSEMBLY-FILE-cgu-UNIT-SYSTEM-8cm-8cm-0p2cm.key

3. 002-contact-SMP.key

4. 003-Composite-Plate-8x8x0p2-PART-101-102.key

5. 004-700-Sphere-Dia-2-7M1.key

6. 005-MAT1-ELASTIC-STEEL.key

7. 005-MAT162-PW-S2GSC15-101-102.key

8. 006-PART-PARTSETS.key

9. 007-CONTROL-CARDS.key

10. 008-DATABASE-CARDS.key

11. 009-initial-AND-boundary-CONDITIONS.key

Use the file "000-Sphere-Impact-on-Composite-Plate.key" as the LS-DYNA input.  A second problem with a larger plate of dimensions L x W x H = 50 cm x 50 cm x 0.4 cm can be run with a sphere of diameter D = 10 cm at an impact velocity of V = 200 m/s by using the assembly file "001-ASSEMBLY-FILE-cgu-UNIT-SYSTEM-50cm-50cm-0p4cm.key"

SPHERE IMPACT ON COMPOSITES: Plate Dimensions L x W x H = 8 cm x 8 cm x 0.2 cm. Sphere Diameter D = 2 cm.  Impact Velocity V = 100 m/s

Finite element model of the 2 cm sphere impact on a L x W x H = 8 cm x 8 cm x 0.2 cm composite plate
with two PIDs = 101 [BETA=0] & 102 [BETA=90]

Sphere impact on a L x W x H = 8 cm x 8 cm x 0.2 cm composite plate. Sphere diameter D = 2 cm. Impact Velocity V = 100 m/s.

Resultant Impact Contact Force, F, in 10MN as a function of Time, t, in us.

SPHERE IMPACT ON COMPOSITES: Plate Dimensions L x W x H = 50 cm x 50 cm x 0.4 cm. Sphere Diameter D = 10 cm.  Impact Velocity V = 200 m/s

Finite element model of the 10 cm sphere impact on a L x W x H = 50 cm x 50 cm x 0.2 cm composite plate
with four PIDs = 101 [BETA=0], 102 [BETA=90], 103 [BETA=0], & 104 [BETA=90]

Sphere impact on a L x W x H = 50 cm x 50 cm x 0.4 cm composite plate. Sphere diameter D = 10 cm. Impact Velocity V = 200 m/s.

Resultant Impact Contact Force, F, in 10MN as a function of Time, t, in us.

LS-DYNA KEYWORD INPUT FILE

000-Sphere-Impact-on-Composite-Plate.key

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# Copyright 2023 (C) MZH Technologies LLC

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# UNIT SYSTEMS

$# 1. m-kg-s-N-Pa-J [meter-kg-seconds-Newton-Pascal-Jule]

$# 2. mm-tonne-s-N-MPa-J [millimeter-tonne-seconds-Newton-MegaPascal-Jule]

$# 3. cm-gm-us-10MN-100GPa-100kJ [centimeter-gm-microseconds-10MN-100GPa-100kJ]

$# 4. mm-mg-ms-mN-kPa-uJ [millimeter-milligram-milliseconds-mN-kPA-uJ]

$# 5. um-ug-us-mN-GPa-nJ [micrometer-microgram-microseconds-mN-GPa-nJ]

$# 6. nm-ng-ns-mN-PPa-pJ [nanometer-nanogram-nanoseconds-mN-PetaPa-picoJ]

$# 7. in-slinch-s-lbf-psi-in.lbf 

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# Date: October 05, 2023

$# Dr. Bazle Z. (Gama) Haque

$# Senior Scientist, MZH Technologies LLC

$# 405 John Vineyards Lane

$# New Castle, DE 19720, USA

$# Tel: (302) 765-8980  VOIP: (302) 690-4741

$# E-mail: bzhaque@mzh-technologies.com; bzhaque@udel.edu

$# https://www.mzh-technologies.com/home  

$#

$# Former Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering

$# Former Senior Scientist of Center for Composite Materials (UD-CCM)

$# University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*KEYWORD

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# 1. m-kg-s-N-Pa-J      [mks] UNIT SYSTEM PARAMETERS 

$#    UNCOMMENT if using [mks] UNIT SYSTEM

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*COMMENT *PARAMETER_EXPRESSION

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

R m       1.000

R mm      1.00E-03*m

R cm      10.000*mm

R inch    25.400*mm

$#-------+---------+---------+

R kg      1.000

R tonne   1.00E+03*kg 

R gm      1.00E-03*kg

$#-------+---------+---------+

R sec     1.000

R ms      1.00E-03*sec

R us      1.00E-06*sec

R ns      1.00E-09*sec

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# 2. mm-tonne-s-N-MPa-J [mmts] UNIT SYSTEM PARAMETERS 

$#    UNCOMMENT if using [mmts] UNIT SYSTEM

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*COMMENT *PARAMETER_EXPRESSION

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

R mm      1.000

R cm      10.000*mm

R m       1000.0*mm

R inch    25.400*mm

$#-------+---------+---------+

R tonne   1.000

R kg      1.00E-03*tonne 

R gm      1.00E-03*kg

$#-------+---------+---------+

R sec     1.000

R ms      1.00E-03*sec

R us      1.00E-06*sec

R ns      1.00E-09*sec

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# 3. cm-gm-us-10^7N-10^11Pa-10^5J [cgu] UNIT SYSTEM PARAMETERS 

$# 3. cm-gm-us-10MN -100GPa -100kJ [cgu] UNIT SYSTEM PARAMETERS 

$#    UNCOMMENT if using [cgu] UNIT SYSTEM

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$# *COMMENT 

*PARAMETER_EXPRESSION

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

R cm      1.000

R mm      1.00E-01*cm

R m       1000.0*mm

R inch    25.400*mm

$#-------+---------+---------+

R gm      1.000

R kg      1.00E+03*gm

R tonne   1.00E+03*kg

$#-------+---------+---------+

R us      1.000

R ms      1.00E+03*us

R sec     1.00E+06*us

R ns      1.00E-03*us

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# 4. mm-mg-ms-mN-kPa-uJ [mmmgms] UNIT SYSTEM PARAMETERS 

$#    UNCOMMENT if using [mmmgms] UNIT SYSTEM

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*COMMENT *PARAMETER_EXPRESSION

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

R mm      1.000

R cm      10.000*mm

R m       1000.0*mm

R inch    25.400*mm

$#-------+---------+---------+

R mg      1.000

R gm      1.00E+03*mg

R kg      1.00E+03*gm

R tonne   1.00E+03*kg

$#-------+---------+---------+

R ms      1.000

R sec     1.00E+03*ms

R us      1.00E-06*sec

R ns      1.00E-09*sec

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# 5. um-ug-us-mN-GPa-nJ [umugus] UNIT SYSTEM PARAMETERS 

$#    UNCOMMENT if using [umugus] UNIT SYSTEM

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*COMMENT *PARAMETER_EXPRESSION

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

R um      1.000

R mm      1.00E+03*um

R cm      10.000*mm

R m       1000.0*mm

R inch    25.400*mm

$#-------+---------+---------+

R ug      1.000

R mg      1.00E+03*ug

R gm      1.00E+03*mg

R kg      1.00E+03*gm

R tonne   1.00E+03*kg

$#-------+---------+---------+

R us      1.000

R ms      1.00E+03*us

R sec     1.00E+06*us

R ns      1.00E-03*us

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# 6. nm-ng-ns-mN-PPa-pJ [nmngns] UNIT SYSTEM PARAMETERS 

$#    UNCOMMENT if using [umugus] UNIT SYSTEM

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*COMMENT *PARAMETER_EXPRESSION

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

R nm      1.000

R um      1.00E+03*nm

R mm      1.00E+03*um

R cm      10.000*mm

R m       1000.0*mm

R inch    25.400*mm

$#-------+---------+---------+

R ng      1.000

R ug      1.00E+03*ng

R mg      1.00E+03*ug

R gm      1.00E+03*mg

R kg      1.00E+03*gm

R tonne   1.00E+03*kg

$#-------+---------+---------+

R ns      1.000

R us      1.00E+03*ns

R ms      1.00E+03*us

R sec     1.00E+06*us

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# 7. in-slinch-s-lbf-psi-in.lbf  [in-slinch-s] UNIT SYSTEM PARAMETERS 

$#    UNCOMMENT if using [in-slinch-s] UNIT SYSTEM

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*COMMENT *PARAMETER_EXPRESSION

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

R inch    1.000

R mm      (1.00/25.40)*inch

R cm      10.000*mm

R m       1000.0*mm

$#-------+---------+---------+

$# 1 slinch = 12 slugs

$# 1 slug   = 14.593903 kg

$# 1 kg     = 1/14.593903 slug

$#          = (1/14.593903)*(1/12) slinch

$#          = (1/175.126836) slinch

$#          = 5.71014713E-03 slinch 

$#-------+---------+---------+

R slinch  1.000

R slug    (1.00/12.00)*slinch

R kg      (1/14.593903)*slug

R gm      1.00E-03*kg

R tonne   1.00E+03*kg

$#-------+---------+---------+

R sec     1.000

R ms      1.00E-03*sec

R us      1.00E-06*sec

R ns      1.00E-09*sec

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# DERIVED PARAMETERS FOR ALL UNIT SYSTEMS

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*PARAMETER_EXPRESSION

$#-------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+

R Newton  1.00*kg*m/(sec**2)

R kN      1.00E+03*Newton

R MN      1.00E+06*Newton

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+

R Pa      1.00*Newton/(m**2)

R kPa     1.00E+03*Pa

R MPa     1.00E+06*Pa

R GPa     1.00E+09*Pa

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+

R Joule   1.00*Newton*m

R mJ      1.00E-03*Joule

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+

R mps     1.00*m/sec

R grav    9.81*m/(sec**2)

R gmpcc   1.00*gm/(cm**3)

R MPAmm   1.00*MPA*mm

R Jpmm2   1.00*Joule/(mm**2)

R degree  1.00

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+

R zero    0.00

R one     1.00

R two     2.00

R three   3.00

R four    4.00

R five    5.00

R ten     10.00

R large   1.00E+20

R BIGTIM  large

$#-------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# LS-DYNA INTERNAL PARAMETERS

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#-------+---------+---------+

R TSSFAC  0.950

I BSORT   1

R SLSFAC  0.010

I NEIPH   60

$--------+---------+---------+

I MSGMAX  100

I IFLUSH  100

I INN     3

I BINARY  3

$--------+---------+---------+

I NEIPS   NEIPH

I OPTION1 NEIPH

$--------+---------+---------+

R FS      0.500     

R FD      0.300

$--------+---------+---------+

R PARMAX  0.025     

R MAXPAR  1.025

$--------+---------+---------+

I GRPABLE 0         

I NSBCS   BSORT

I DEPTH   5         

I SBOPT   5

I SOFT1   1         

I SOFT2   2

$--------+---------+---------+

R SOFSCL  SLSFAC     

R SOFSCL1 SLSFAC  

R SOFSCL2 SLSFAC

$--------+---------+---------+

R VDC     20.00

R SLDSTF  0.000*GPa

R SLDTHK  0.000

$--------+---------+---------+

I ISLCHK  2

I IGNORE  0

I ISYM    1

I IGAP    1

$--------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$# SOFT1 is for TIEBREAK Cohesive

$# SOFT2 is for ERODING  Contact

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$# VDC - Viscous Damping in % of Critical

$# VDC = 20 is found optimum for 200 mps displacement rate

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$# SOFT     : 0-PENALTY : 1-SOFT-CONSTRAINT : 2-SEGMENT

$# OPTION 9 : SOFT = 2 is not implemented

$# SOFSCL   : <0.5 for SingSurf and <1.0 for One-Way

$# 1.025<MAXPAR<1.200 : PARMAX = 1 + PARMAX if 0.00<PARMAX<0.50

$# SBOPT (SOFT = 2)   : 0-Defaults-to-2    : 1-PINBALL-EDGE-TO-EDGE (Not Recomended)

$#                    : 2-PLANAR-SEGMENT(D): 3-WARPED-SEGMENT-CHECK

$#                    : 4-SLIDING          : 5-DO-3-AND-4

$# DEPTH : 2-DEFAULT : 5-SURFACE-&-EDGE-PEN-CHK

$#       : 25 & 35 IS NEW 5

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$# ISLCHK : Initial Penetration Check  : 0 & 1 - No Check : 2 - Full Check

$# IGNORE : Ignore Initial Penetration : 0 - Move nodes to eliminate ini pen

$#                                     : 1 - Allow Initial Penetration & Track

$#                                     : 2 - Allow Initial Penetration & Print

$# ISYM   : Symmetry Plane Option      : 0 - Off : 1 - 

$# IGAP   :                            : 1 - Default : 2 - Do not apply

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# *** HOURGLASS PARAMETERS ***

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

I HGIHQ   7         

R HGQH    0.100     

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$# HGIHQ : 1 = LS-DYNA       Standard Viscous Form

$#       : 2 = F-B Viscous   Flanagan-Belytschko Viscous Form

$#       : 3 = F-B Viscous   Exact Volume Integration for SOLID Elements

$#       : 4 = F-B Stiffness Flanagan-Belytschko Stiffness Form

$#       : 5 = F-B Stiffness Exact Volume Integration for SOLID Elements

$#       : 6 = B-B Stiffness Belytschko-Bindeman Strain Co-Rotational Stiffness

$#                           Form for 2D & 3D Solid Elements

$#       : 7 = TYPE 6        Linear TOTAL Strain 

$#       : 8 = FPW Stiffness FPW-Full Projection Warping with 

$#                           Type 16 Fully Integrated SHELL Elements

$#       : 9 = PUSO [2000]   Assumed Strain Stiffness for 3D Hexahedral Elemets

$#       : 10= CPE           CPE-Cosserat Point Element

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$# Determine Optimum HGIHQ for Any Problem

$# Using HGIHQ=7 for current run with MAT162

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$# *** END OF PARAMETER EXPRESSIONS ***

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*TITLE

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

Sphere Impact on Composites

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*INCLUDE

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

001-ASSEMBLY-FILE-cgu-UNIT-SYSTEM-8cm-8cm-0p2cm.key

$# 001-ASSEMBLY-FILE-cgu-UNIT-SYSTEM-50cm-50cm-0p4cm.key

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

*END

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

$#

$#

$#

$--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+